Exercise physiology is the study of how the body's structures and functions are altered when exposed to acute and chronic bouts of physical activity. It examines the body's responses at the molecular, cellular, and systemic levels, aiming to optimize performance, improve health, and prevent or treat diseases.
Sarcoplasmic hypertrophy is a form of muscle growth characterized by an increase in the volume of the sarcoplasm, the semi-fluid substance that surrounds myofibrils within muscle fibers, resulting in larger but not necessarily stronger muscles. This type of hypertrophy is typically achieved through high-repetition, low-weight resistance training, which enhances muscular endurance rather than maximal strength.