Signal-to-Noise Ratio (SNR) is a measure that compares the level of a desired signal to the level of background noise, often used to quantify how much a signal has been corrupted by noise. A higher SNR indicates a cleaner signal, which is crucial for effective communication, data transmission, and accurate data interpretation in various fields such as telecommunications, audio engineering, and imaging systems.
Fading channels are communication channels that experience variations in signal amplitude and phase over time due to factors like multipath propagation and Doppler shifts. Understanding and mitigating fading is crucial for reliable wireless communication, as it can significantly degrade the performance of a communication system.