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Live attenuated vaccines use a weakened form of the pathogen that is still alive to stimulate a strong and long-lasting immune response without causing the disease. They are highly effective but require careful handling and storage to maintain their viability and are not suitable for individuals with compromised immune systems.
Concept
Herd immunity occurs when a significant portion of a population becomes immune to a disease, reducing its spread and providing indirect protection to those who are not immune. Achieving Herd immunity can be through natural infection or vaccination, but the threshold varies depending on the disease's contagiousness.
Global Health Initiatives are coordinated efforts by international organizations, governments, and non-profits to address health challenges that transcend national boundaries and require a collaborative approach. These initiatives aim to improve health outcomes, reduce disparities, and strengthen health systems worldwide, often focusing on infectious diseases, maternal and child health, and non-communicable diseases.
Immunization coverage refers to the percentage of individuals within a population who have received specific vaccines, serving as a critical measure for assessing the effectiveness of vaccination programs in preventing infectious diseases. High coverage rates are essential for achieving herd immunity, thereby protecting even those who are not vaccinated.
Public health is a discipline focused on protecting and improving the health of populations through organized efforts and informed choices of society, organizations, communities, and individuals. It encompasses a wide range of activities, from disease prevention and health promotion to policy-making and research, aimed at ensuring conditions in which people can be healthy.
Organic electronics is a branch of electronics that deals with conductive polymers and small organic molecules, which offer flexibility, lightweight properties, and the potential for low-cost production. These materials enable the development of innovative devices like organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs), organic photovoltaics (OPVs), and organic field-effect transistors (OFETs), revolutionizing applications in displays, solar cells, and sensors.
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