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Integer ambiguity refers to the uncertainty in determining the exact number of integer cycles in carrier phase measurements, commonly encountered in precise GPS positioning. Resolving this ambiguity is crucial for achieving high accuracy in applications like geodesy and surveying.
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Carrier phase measurement is a high-precision technique used in satellite navigation systems to determine the distance between a satellite and a receiver by measuring the phase of the carrier wave. This method enhances accuracy by resolving the integer ambiguity associated with the number of complete carrier wavelengths between the satellite and receiver.
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The Global Positioning System (GPS) is a satellite-based navigation system that provides geolocation and time information to a GPS receiver anywhere on or near the Earth where there is an unobstructed line of sight to four or more GPS satellites. Originally developed for military use, GPS has become an essential tool for various civilian applications, including navigation, mapping, and timing services.
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Ambiguity resolution is the process of clarifying uncertain or unclear information to reach a definitive understanding or interpretation. It is crucial in fields like linguistics, navigation, and data processing, where precision and accuracy are essential for effective communication and decision-making.
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Differential GPS (DGPS) enhances the accuracy of standard GPS by using a network of fixed ground-based reference stations to correct satellite signal errors. This system significantly improves positional accuracy, making it essential for applications requiring high precision, such as surveying and navigation in challenging environments.
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Phase unwrapping is a process used in signal processing to reconstruct the true phase of a signal from its wrapped version, which is limited to a specific range, typically between -π and π. This technique is crucial in applications like interferometry and synthetic aperture radar, where accurate phase information is necessary for precise measurements and imaging.
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Precise Point Positioning (PPP) is a satellite-based navigation technique that provides highly accurate positioning data by using a single GPS receiver without the need for a base station. It achieves centimeter-level accuracy by applying precise satellite orbit and clock corrections, along with error modeling for atmospheric and other biases.
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Geodesy is the scientific discipline that deals with the measurement and representation of the Earth, including its gravitational field, in a three-dimensional time-varying space. It plays a crucial role in navigation, mapping, and understanding Earth's physical properties and changes over time.
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Surveying is the science of determining the terrestrial or three-dimensional positions of points and the distances and angles between them, crucial for establishing land maps and boundaries. It involves the use of specialized equipment and techniques to ensure precision and accuracy in measurements, serving as a foundation for construction, land development, and geographic information systems.
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A Kalman Filter is an algorithm that uses a series of measurements observed over time, containing statistical noise and other inaccuracies, to produce estimates of unknown variables that tend to be more precise than those based on a single measurement alone. It is widely used in control systems, robotics, and navigation to predict the state of a dynamic system in real-time by recursively updating estimates with new data.
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Phase Ambiguity Resolution is a critical process in high-precision satellite navigation systems, where it involves determining the correct integer number of carrier wave cycles between a satellite and a receiver. This enables centimeter-level accuracy in positioning by resolving the ambiguities inherent in the phase measurements of the carrier signals.
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