The insanity defense is a legal argument used by defendants who claim that they were not responsible for their criminal actions due to a severe mental illness, which impaired their ability to understand the nature or wrongfulness of their actions. This defense requires a thorough psychiatric evaluation and often hinges on the jurisdiction's specific legal standards for determining insanity, such as the M'Naghten Rule or the Model Penal Code test.
A volcanic eruption is a geophysical event where magma, gases, and ash are expelled from a volcano, often resulting in significant environmental and climatic impacts. These eruptions can vary in intensity and duration, and are driven by complex interactions between tectonic activity and the composition of the Earth's mantle and crust.
Eruption style refers to the character and behavior of volcanic eruptions, determined by factors like magma composition, viscosity, and gas content. It ranges from explosive events, such as Plinian eruptions, to effusive ones like Hawaiian eruptions, influencing the hazards and morphological changes posed by volcanoes.