Hardness is a measure of a material's resistance to deformation, particularly permanent indentation or scratching, and is a critical property in determining its durability and wear resistance. It is assessed using various scales and tests, such as Mohs, Rockwell, and Vickers, each suited for different types of materials and applications.

Hardness

measure of a material's resistance

permanent indentation

scratching

critical property

Determining durability

Wear resistance is the ability of a material to withstand damage or degradation due to mechanical action such as friction, abrasion, or erosion. It is a critical property for materials used in applications where surfaces are in relative motion, impacting longevity and performance.

wear resistance

assessed using various scales

The Mohs scale is a qualitative ordinal scale that measures the hardness of minerals based on their ability to scratch one another. Developed by Friedrich Mohs in 1812, it ranges from talc at 1 (softest) to diamond at 10 (hardest), providing a simple method for identifying mineral hardness in geology and gemology.

Mohs Scale

Rockwell scale

Vickers scale

different types of materials

Different types of applications

The Hardness of Ionic Compounds: An In-Depth Look

Understanding Hardness in Ionic Solids

Nucleation and Growth of Martensite

Fundamentals of Mineral Crystal Classification

Properties of Borides

Mechanical Properties of Steel

Relevant Degrees

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