Glycolic acid is a type of alpha hydroxy acid (AHA) derived from sugarcane, renowned for its ability to exfoliate the skin by breaking down the bonds between dead skin cells, promoting cell turnover and revealing a smoother, more radiant complexion. It is widely used in skincare products for its effectiveness in treating acne, hyperpigmentation, and signs of aging, but requires careful usage due to its potential to cause irritation, especially in higher concentrations.