Global hectares are a standardized unit of measurement that quantifies the ecological footprint of human activities and the biocapacity of the Earth, allowing for a consistent comparison of resource use and availability across different regions. This metric helps in assessing sustainability by indicating whether humanity is living within the planet's ecological means or exceeding its capacity.
Biocapacity refers to the capacity of an ecosystem to produce useful biological materials and absorb waste materials generated by humans, under current management schemes and extraction technologies. It is a critical measure for assessing the sustainability of human activities in relation to the Earth's ecological limits and is used to evaluate whether a region is living within its environmental means.