Functional programming is a programming paradigm that treats computation as the evaluation of mathematical functions and avoids changing state or mutable data. It emphasizes the use of pure functions, higher-order functions, and immutable data structures to promote code that is predictable, easier to test, and inherently parallelizable.

Functional Programming

Functional programming

programming paradigm

Computation is the process of performing mathematical calculations or processing data by following a well-defined model or algorithm. It forms the foundation of computer science and is essential for the functioning of digital systems, enabling tasks from simple arithmetic to complex simulations and data analysis.

computation

evaluation of mathematical functions

changing state

mutable data

Pure functions are a foundational concept in functional programming where a function's output is determined solely by its input values, without observable side effects. This deterministic output enhances readability, predictability, and ease of reasoning in code, making pure functions highly suitable for concurrency and testing.

pure functions

Higher-order functions are functions that take other functions as arguments or return them as results, enabling more abstract and flexible code design. They are a fundamental concept in functional programming and are used to implement patterns like map, filter, and reduce, promoting code reusability and composability.

higher-order functions

Immutable data structures are data structures that cannot be modified after they are created, ensuring that any changes result in the creation of a new data structure. This immutability provides benefits such as easier reasoning about code, thread safety, and the prevention of unintended side effects, making them particularly useful in functional programming and concurrent computing environments.

immutable data structures

Predictable Code

Easier to test code

inherently parallelizable

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