Fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) is a radiopharmaceutical used in positron emission tomography (PET) scans to assess metabolic activity in tissues, particularly useful in oncology for detecting cancer. It is a glucose analog, where a hydroxyl group is replaced by a radioactive fluorine-18 atom, allowing for the visualization of glucose metabolism in the body.

Fluorodeoxyglucose

Radiopharmaceuticals are specialized drugs that contain radioactive isotopes and are used in nuclear medicine for diagnosis and therapy. They enable precise imaging and targeted treatment of various conditions, including cancer, by delivering radiation directly to affected areas while minimizing exposure to healthy tissues.

Radiopharmaceutical

Positron Emission Tomography (PET) is a non-invasive imaging technique that allows for the visualization and measurement of metabolic processes in the body by detecting gamma rays emitted from a radioactive tracer injected into the patient. It is widely used in oncology, neurology, and cardiology to assess tissue function and detect diseases such as cancer, Alzheimer's, and heart disease.

Positron Emission Tomography

PET Scans

Metabolic activity refers to the sum of all biochemical processes that occur within living organisms to maintain life, including energy production, growth, and waste elimination. It encompasses both catabolic and anabolic reactions, which respectively break down molecules to release energy and synthesize necessary compounds for cellular functions.

Metabolic Activity

Tissues

Oncology is the branch of medicine that deals with the prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of cancer. It encompasses a wide range of practices and is constantly evolving with advancements in research and technology to improve patient outcomes.

Oncology

Detecting cancer

Glucose analog

A hydroxyl group is a functional group consisting of an oxygen atom bonded to a hydrogen atom, denoted as -OH, and it plays a critical role in the chemistry of alcohols, phenols, and many biological molecules. It is polar, capable of forming hydrogen bonds, and significantly influences the solubility and reactivity of organic compounds.

Hydroxyl Group

Radioactive fluorine-18 atom

Visualization of glucose metabolism

Glucose metabolism is the process by which the body converts glucose into energy, involving a series of biochemical pathways that regulate blood sugar levels and fuel cellular activities. It plays a critical role in maintaining homeostasis and is intricately linked to insulin function and metabolic health.

Glucose Metabolism

The body is a complex biological system that serves as the physical representation of an organism, integrating various structures and functions to sustain life. Understanding the body involves exploring its anatomy, physiology, and the intricate interactions between its systems to maintain homeostasis and adapt to environmental changes.

Concepts

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