Fetal hemoglobin (HbF) is the primary oxygen-carrying protein in the fetus, which has a higher affinity for oxygen than adult hemoglobin, allowing efficient transfer of oxygen from the mother to the fetus. After birth, HbF is gradually replaced by adult hemoglobin types, but persistence of HbF can be beneficial in certain hemoglobinopathies like sickle cell disease and beta-thalassemia.

Fetal Hemoglobin

Oxygen-carrying protein

Affinity for oxygen

Transfer of oxygen

Adult hemoglobin, also known as hemoglobin A, is the predominant form of hemoglobin found in human adults, responsible for oxygen transport in the bloodstream. It consists of two alpha and two beta globin chains, and its ability to bind oxygen is influenced by factors such as pH, carbon dioxide levels, and 2,3-bisphosphoglycerate concentration.

Adult Hemoglobin

Hemoglobin types

Persistence of HbF

Hemoglobinopathies are a group of genetic disorders characterized by abnormal structure or production of hemoglobin, the protein in red blood cells responsible for carrying oxygen throughout the body. These disorders can lead to various clinical manifestations, including anemia, pain, and organ damage, with sickle cell disease and thalassemia being the most prevalent types.

Hemoglobinopathies

Sickle cell disease is a genetic blood disorder characterized by the production of abnormal hemoglobin, leading to distorted red blood cells that resemble a sickle shape. This distortion causes blockages in blood flow, resulting in pain, anemia, and increased risk of infections and organ damage.

Concepts

Relevant Degrees

Your Lessons