Material properties are the characteristics that define the behavior and performance of a material under various conditions, influencing its suitability for specific applications. These properties are determined by the material's composition, structure, and the interactions at the atomic or molecular level, and they are critical in fields such as engineering, manufacturing, and materials science.
Biodiesel synthesis involves the transesterification of triglycerides, typically from vegetable oils or animal fats, with an alcohol such as methanol to produce fatty acid methyl esters and glycerol. This process is a sustainable alternative to fossil fuels, reducing greenhouse gas emissions and utilizing renewable resources.