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Concept
Expressivist Semantics
Expressivist semantics
is a
philosophical approach
to understanding the
meaning of language
that emphasizes the
expressive function of language
over its
descriptive function
. It suggests that the primary role of certain types of statements, particularly moral or evaluative ones, is to
express the speaker's attitudes
or emotions rather than to
convey factual information
.
Relevant Fields:
Ontology 63%
Theory of Knowledge 38%
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Concept
Non-Cognitivism
Non-Cognitivism is the
meta-ethical view
that
moral statements
do not express
propositions or truths
but rather
emotional attitudes
or prescriptions. It challenges the idea that
moral judgments
are capable of being
true or false
, positing instead that they are
expressions of approval
or disapproval or
commands to act
in certain ways.
Concept
Moral Expressivism
Moral expressivism
is a
meta-ethical view
suggesting that
moral statements
do not describe
states of the world
but rather express the
speaker's attitudes
or
emotions toward a particular action
or issue. It challenges the notion of
moral realism
by denying the existence of
objective moral facts
, instead focusing on the
expressive function of moral language
.
Concept
Emotivism
Emotivism is a
meta-ethical view
that suggests
moral statements
do not convey
objective truths
but rather express the
speaker's emotions
or attitudes. It implies that
moral disagreements
are not about facts but are instead
conflicts of emotional responses
or preferences.
Concept
Quasi-realism
Quasi-realism is a
philosophical position
in meta-ethics, primarily associated with
Simon Blackburn
, which seeks to explain how our
moral discourse
can be meaningful and objective-like without committing to the
existence of moral facts
. It suggests that
moral statements
project our
attitudes and emotions
while still allowing us to talk as if they were
objective truths
.
Concept
Speech Act Theory
Speech Act Theory
is a
philosophical framework
that examines how utterances not only
convey information
but also
perform actions
. It highlights the
importance of context
and
intention in understanding
the meaning and
effect of language
in communication.
Concept
Attitude Expression
Attitude expression
refers to the
ways individuals communicate
their feelings, beliefs, and
evaluations about objects
, people, or events, which can be verbal or non-verbal. Understanding
Attitude expression
is crucial for
predicting behavior
,
facilitating social interactions
, and
influencing persuasion processes
.
Concept
Frege-Geach Problem
The
Frege-Geach problem
challenges
non-cognitivist theories of ethics
by questioning how
moral statements
can retain their meaning in
different contexts
, particularly in
logical arguments
, if they do not
express beliefs
. It highlights the difficulty in maintaining
logical consistency
and
validity in moral discourse
when
moral statements
are treated as
expressions of attitudes
rather than
truth-apt propositions
.
Concept
Meta-Ethics
Meta-ethics is the
branch of philosophy
that analyzes the nature, status, and
foundations of ethical concepts
, asking questions about what morality itself is rather than what actions are moral. It delves into the
meaning of moral language
, the
metaphysics of moral values
, and the
epistemology of moral knowledge
, providing a
framework for understanding ethical debates
and theories.
Concept
Normative Language
Normative language
refers to
expressions that convey values
, obligations, or
what ought to be
, often used to prescribe or
evaluate actions
and behaviors. It contrasts with
descriptive language
, which aims to
describe facts
or
states of the world
without judgment
.
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