Penalties and enforcement are mechanisms used to ensure compliance with laws and regulations by imposing consequences for violations. Effective enforcement requires a balance between deterrence and fairness, often involving fines, sanctions, or other corrective measures to maintain order and uphold legal standards.
Compliance and deterrence are strategies used to ensure adherence to laws and regulations, where compliance focuses on encouraging voluntary adherence, and deterrence relies on the threat of punishment to prevent violations. Effective regulatory frameworks often integrate both approaches to maximize adherence and minimize non-compliance behaviors.