A time signature is a notational convention used in Western music to specify how many beats are in each measure and which note value constitutes one beat. It is crucial for dictating the rhythmic structure of a piece, guiding musicians in maintaining the intended tempo and feel.
Measure is a fundamental concept in mathematics and science that quantifies the size, amount, or degree of an object or phenomenon, allowing for comparison and analysis. It provides a standardized way to describe properties such as length, area, volume, and probability, facilitating communication and understanding across various disciplines.