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Cognitive Task Analysis (CTA) is a method used to understand the mental processes and knowledge structures that underlie the performance of complex tasks. It involves breaking down tasks into their cognitive components to improve training, system design, and performance assessment in various domains such as aviation, healthcare, and military operations.
Mental models are cognitive frameworks that individuals use to understand and interpret the world around them, influencing perception, decision-making, and behavior. They are shaped by personal experiences, education, and culture, and can be updated or revised as new information is acquired.
Knowledge elicitation is the process of extracting knowledge from experts or knowledgeable sources to make it explicit and usable, often for the purpose of building knowledge-based systems or improving decision-making. It involves various techniques to capture tacit knowledge that is not easily articulated, ensuring that valuable insights are preserved and utilized effectively.
Cognitive Load Theory suggests that learning is hindered when the working memory is overwhelmed by too much information at once, emphasizing the need to design instructional materials that optimize cognitive processing. It differentiates between intrinsic, extraneous, and Germane Cognitive Loads to enhance learning efficiency and retention.
Problem solving is the process of identifying a challenge or obstacle and developing effective strategies to overcome it, often involving critical thinking and decision-making skills. It requires a clear understanding of the problem, creative thinking to generate solutions, and the ability to implement and evaluate the chosen solution effectively.
Skill acquisition is the process through which individuals learn and refine abilities, often progressing through stages from novice to expert. It involves cognitive, associative, and autonomous phases, where practice and feedback play crucial roles in enhancing performance and efficiency.
Human-computer interaction (HCI) is the study of how people interact with computers and to design technologies that let humans interact with computers in novel ways. It encompasses the design, evaluation, and implementation of interactive computing systems for human use and the study of major phenomena surrounding them.
Task analysis is a systematic process of breaking down a task into its component steps to understand and improve performance. It is widely used in fields such as education, human-computer interaction, and occupational safety to enhance efficiency and effectiveness by identifying potential areas for improvement or training needs.
Cognitive processes are the mental activities involved in acquiring, processing, storing, and using information, which include functions such as perception, memory, and problem-solving. Understanding these processes is crucial for fields like psychology, education, and artificial intelligence, as they underpin how individuals learn, make decisions, and interact with the world.
Cognitive Engineering is an interdisciplinary field focused on the design of systems and technologies that align with human cognitive capabilities and limitations. It aims to improve human-system interaction by applying principles from cognitive psychology, human factors, and ergonomics to optimize performance and safety.
Job task simulation involves replicating real-world job tasks in a controlled environment to assess an individual's capabilities and suitability for a specific role. This method is particularly effective in evaluating practical skills, decision-making abilities, and problem-solving techniques, providing a more accurate measure of job performance potential than traditional assessments.
Hierarchical Task Analysis (HTA) is a method used to break down complex tasks into subtasks to understand the structure and sequence of actions required to achieve a goal. It is widely used in human factors and ergonomics to improve system design and user interaction by identifying potential areas for error or inefficiency.
Training and simulation are critical methodologies used to enhance skills, knowledge, and preparedness in various fields by replicating real-world scenarios in a controlled environment. They allow individuals and teams to practice and refine their responses to situations they may encounter, thereby improving performance and reducing risks in actual operations.
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