The Babylonian Civilization, flourishing from around 1894 BC to 539 BC in Mesopotamia, is renowned for its contributions to law, architecture, and astronomy, with the famous Code of Hammurabi representing one of the oldest and most comprehensive legal documents in human history. This civilization was marked by its impressive city infrastructure, including the legendary Hanging Gardens of Babylon, and its development of a base-60 number system, which deeply influenced subsequent cultures and modern timekeeping.