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Age-related infertility refers to the natural decline in fertility that occurs as individuals age, particularly noticeable in women after their mid-30s due to a decrease in the quantity and quality of eggs. This biological process underscores the importance of understanding reproductive timelines and the potential need for assisted reproductive technologies for those planning to conceive later in life.
Ovarian reserve refers to the capacity of the ovary to provide egg cells that are capable of fertilization resulting in a healthy and successful pregnancy. It is a critical factor in female fertility and can be assessed through various tests and biomarkers to guide reproductive planning and treatment.
Menopause transition, also known as perimenopause, is the phase leading up to menopause where women experience various physiological and hormonal changes as the ovaries gradually produce less estrogen. This transition can last several years and is characterized by symptoms such as irregular menstrual cycles, hot flashes, and mood swings, marking the end of a woman's reproductive years.
Fertility preservation involves medical procedures to safeguard an individual's ability to have biological children in the future, often used by those undergoing treatments that may affect fertility, such as chemotherapy. It encompasses a range of techniques, including cryopreservation of gametes and reproductive tissues, and is increasingly relevant in the context of advancing reproductive technologies and changing societal norms around family planning.
Gamete quality refers to the intrinsic attributes of sperm and eggs that influence their ability to successfully participate in fertilization and support embryonic development. Factors such as genetic integrity, cellular morphology, and metabolic efficiency are critical components that determine the overall quality of gametes.
Reproductive aging refers to the natural decline in reproductive function with advancing age, primarily affecting women due to the finite number of oocytes, but also impacting men through changes in sperm quality. This process is influenced by genetic, environmental, and lifestyle factors, and can lead to decreased fertility, increased risk of pregnancy complications, and the onset of menopause.
Reproductive age refers to the period in an individual's life when they are biologically capable of conceiving and bearing offspring. This age range can vary significantly between individuals and is influenced by factors such as genetics, health, and lifestyle.
Age significantly impacts fertility, with a notable decline in both male and female fertility as individuals grow older. For women, fertility begins to decrease more rapidly after the age of 35, while men experience a gradual decline in fertility starting around the age of 40.
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