Sol-gel transition is a process where a liquid colloidal solution (sol) transforms into a solid network (gel), often through the removal of solvent or a chemical reaction. This transition is pivotal in the creation of materials like ceramics and glass, allowing for control over the material's porosity and structure at a molecular level.

Sol-gel Transition

Sol-gel transition

liquid colloidal solution

solid network

removal of solvent

A chemical reaction is a process where substances, known as reactants, are transformed into different substances, called products, through the breaking and forming of chemical bonds. This transformation involves changes in energy and is governed by the principles of conservation of mass and energy.

chemical reaction

Ceramics are non-metallic, inorganic materials that are typically crystalline in nature and are formed through the application of heat. They are known for their hardness, brittleness, and resistance to heat and chemical erosion, making them essential in both traditional applications like pottery and advanced technologies such as aerospace and electronics.

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