Saline infusion sonohysterography (SIS) is a specialized ultrasound technique used to evaluate the uterine cavity by injecting saline solution into the uterus, enhancing the visualization of the endometrial lining and any abnormalities. It is particularly useful for diagnosing conditions such as polyps, fibroids, and intrauterine adhesions, providing a clearer image than a standard transvaginal ultrasound.

Saline Infusion Sonohysterography

Ultrasound technique

The uterine cavity is the hollow space within the uterus where implantation of a fertilized egg occurs and fetal development takes place during pregnancy. Its health and structural integrity are crucial for reproductive success, and abnormalities can lead to conditions such as infertility or recurrent pregnancy loss.

Uterine Cavity

Saline solution is a mixture of sodium chloride (salt) in water, commonly used in medical settings for intravenous therapy, wound cleaning, and contact lens rinsing due to its isotonic nature with human blood. It helps maintain fluid balance and can be used to rehydrate patients or deliver medications intravenously.

Saline Solution

The endometrial lining is the inner layer of the uterus that thickens in response to hormonal changes during the menstrual cycle to prepare for potential implantation of an embryo. If implantation does not occur, the lining is shed during menstruation, playing a crucial role in reproductive health and fertility.

Endometrial Lining

Abnormalities

Diagnosing Conditions

Polyps are abnormal tissue growths that often form on mucous membranes, such as those in the colon, and can be benign or precursors to cancer. Regular screening and removal of polyps, particularly in the colon, are crucial for preventing colorectal cancer and maintaining gastrointestinal health.

Polyps

Fibroids are non-cancerous growths that develop in or around the uterus, commonly affecting women during their reproductive years. They can vary in size and number, potentially causing symptoms like heavy menstrual bleeding, pelvic pain, and fertility issues, though many women remain asymptomatic.

Fibroids

Intrauterine adhesions, also known as Asherman's syndrome, occur when scar tissue forms inside the uterus, often leading to menstrual irregularities, infertility, and recurrent pregnancy loss. They are commonly caused by uterine surgeries or infections and can be diagnosed and treated through hysteroscopy.

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