Phase-amplitude coupling (PAC) is a neural phenomenon where the phase of a lower frequency oscillation modulates the amplitude of a higher frequency oscillation, reflecting a mechanism of cross-frequency interaction in the brain. PAC is crucial for understanding neural communication and information processing, as it underlies cognitive functions such as attention, memory, and perception.

Phase-amplitude Coupling

Phase-amplitude coupling

neural phenomenon

lower frequency oscillation

higher frequency oscillation

cross-frequency interaction

Neural communication is the process by which neurons transmit information through electrical and chemical signals, enabling the brain and nervous system to coordinate actions and responses. This intricate system involves the generation of action potentials, release of neurotransmitters, and the activation of receptors on adjacent neurons, facilitating complex behaviors and cognitive functions.

neural communication

Information processing is the transformation, storage, and retrieval of information within a system, often modeled after human cognition. It is fundamental to understanding how both biological and artificial systems handle data and make decisions.

information processing

Cognitive functions are the mental processes that allow us to carry out any task, encompassing perception, memory, reasoning, and problem-solving. They are essential for interpreting the world around us and are often studied to understand human behavior and mental health.

cognitive functions

Attention is the cognitive process of selectively concentrating on one aspect of the environment while ignoring others, crucial for information processing and task performance. It involves both voluntary and involuntary mechanisms that can be influenced by various internal and external factors, such as motivation, interest, and stimuli salience.

attention

Memory is a cognitive process that involves encoding, storing, and retrieving information, allowing humans to retain past experiences and knowledge for future use. It is a complex system influenced by biological, psychological, and environmental factors, crucial for learning, decision-making, and identity formation.

memory

Perception is the process by which individuals organize and interpret sensory information to give meaning to their environment. It involves complex interactions between sensory input, cognitive processes, and previous experiences, shaping how we understand and interact with the world around us.

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