Immune senescence refers to the gradual deterioration of the immune system associated with aging, leading to increased susceptibility to infections, reduced vaccine efficacy, and a higher incidence of age-related diseases. This process involves complex changes in both innate and adaptive immunity, characterized by a decline in the production of new immune cells and an accumulation of dysfunctional immune cells.

Immune Senescence

Gradual deterioration of the immune system

Aging is a complex biological process characterized by the gradual decline in cellular and physiological functions, leading to increased vulnerability to diseases and ultimately death. It is influenced by genetic, environmental, and lifestyle factors, and is a major focus of scientific research aiming to extend healthspan and lifespan.

Aging

Increased susceptibility to infections

Reduced vaccine efficacy

Age-related diseases are conditions that predominantly occur as individuals grow older, often due to the cumulative effects of cellular damage and genetic predispositions over time. These diseases significantly impact quality of life and healthcare systems, highlighting the importance of research in prevention and management strategies.

Age-Related Diseases

Complex changes in immunity

Innate immunity is the body's first line of defense against pathogens, providing an immediate but non-specific response to invaders. It involves physical barriers, immune cells, and various proteins that recognize and respond to common features of pathogens without prior exposure.

Innate Immunity

Adaptive immunity is a highly specialized and systemic response that develops as a result of exposure to specific antigens, providing long-lasting protection and immunological memory. It involves the activation of lymphocytes, including T cells and B cells, which recognize and remember pathogens, allowing for a more efficient and rapid response upon subsequent exposures.

Concepts

Relevant Degrees

Your Lessons