The Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) is a virus that attacks the body's immune system, specifically the CD4 cells (T cells), which are crucial for fighting infections. Without treatment, HIV can lead to the disease AIDS (Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome), where the immune system is severely compromised, making the body vulnerable to opportunistic infections and certain cancers.

Human Immunodeficiency Virus

HIV, or Human Immunodeficiency Virus, is a virus that attacks and weakens the body's immune system, making it more susceptible to infections and certain cancers. If left untreated, HIV can lead to the disease AIDS (Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome), which is the final and most severe stage of HIV infection.

Body's immune system

CD4 cells, also known as T-helper cells, are a type of white blood cell that play a crucial role in the immune system by signaling other cells to perform their functions. They are particularly important in the fight against infections, including HIV, which targets and destroys these cells, leading to a weakened immune response.

CD4 Cells

T cells are a type of lymphocyte that play a central role in cell-mediated immunity, recognizing and responding to antigens presented by other cells. They are crucial in the immune system's ability to target and eliminate infected or cancerous cells, as well as in orchestrating the overall immune response.

T Cells

Fighting infections

Treatment refers to the management and care of a patient to combat disease or disorder, involving various methods tailored to the individual's condition. It encompasses a wide range of strategies, from medication and surgery to therapy and lifestyle changes, with the ultimate goal of improving health outcomes.

Treatment

Disease AIDS

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome

The immune system is a complex network of cells, tissues, and organs that work together to defend the body against harmful pathogens and maintain overall health. It involves both innate and adaptive responses, which recognize and neutralize foreign invaders while also retaining memory for faster future responses.

Immune System

Opportunistic infections occur when pathogens take advantage of weakened immune systems, often seen in individuals with conditions like HIV/AIDS or those undergoing immunosuppressive treatments. These infections can be caused by bacteria, viruses, fungi, or parasites that are typically harmless in healthy individuals but can lead to severe health complications when the immune system is compromised.

Opportunistic Infections

Certain cancers, characterized by uncontrolled cell proliferation and the ability to invade or spread to other parts of the body, represent a complex and heterogeneous group of diseases. Their development is influenced by a combination of genetic predispositions, environmental factors, and lifestyle choices, necessitating a nuanced approach to prevention and treatment.

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