Earth's climate is a complex system influenced by various natural and human-induced factors, resulting in a dynamic environment that affects global ecosystems and human societies. Understanding the climate requires studying atmospheric patterns, ocean currents, and the balance of energy entering and leaving the planet, as these are pivotal in predicting changes and impacts of climate variability and change.

Earth's Climate

Complex System

Natural factors are things in nature, like the sun, rain, and soil, that help plants and animals grow. They are like nature's helpers that make sure everything in the world works well together.

Natural Factors

Human-induced factors

Dynamic Environment

Global ecosystems

Human Societies

Atmospheric patterns

Ocean currents are large-scale movements of water within the world's oceans, driven by factors such as wind, temperature, salinity differences, and the Earth's rotation. They play a crucial role in regulating global climate, distributing heat, and supporting marine ecosystems.

Ocean Currents

Balance of energy

Predicting changes

Impacts of climate variability

Climate variability refers to the natural fluctuations in climate patterns occurring over months, years, or decades, driven by various internal and external factors. It is distinct from climate change, which involves long-term shifts in climate patterns due to human activities and natural processes.

Climate Variability

Climate change refers to significant, long-term changes in the global climate, largely driven by human activities such as burning fossil fuels, deforestation, and industrial processes. It results in global warming, extreme weather events, sea level rise, and disruptions to ecosystems, affecting biodiversity and human societies worldwide.

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