Cofactors are non-protein chemical compounds or metallic ions that are required for an enzyme's biological activity, serving as 'helpers' in biochemical transformations. They can be either organic molecules, known as coenzymes, or inorganic ions, and are essential for the catalytic function of many enzymes.

Cofactors

non-protein chemical compounds

metallic ions

enzyme's biological activity

biochemical transformations

Organic molecules are compounds primarily made of carbon atoms bonded with hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, and other elements, forming the basis of life on Earth. They exhibit a vast diversity of structures and functions, ranging from simple hydrocarbons to complex biomolecules like proteins and DNA.

organic molecules

Coenzymes are organic non-protein molecules that bind to enzymes and assist in catalyzing reactions, often by acting as carriers for chemical groups or electrons. They are essential for the proper functioning of enzymes and are frequently derived from vitamins, playing a crucial role in metabolic pathways.

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