The Chi-Square Test is a statistical method used to determine if there is a significant association between categorical variables. It compares the observed frequencies in each category to the frequencies expected under the null hypothesis of no association.

Chi-Square Test

Statistical methods are a collection of mathematical techniques used to analyze and interpret data, helping to make informed decisions based on empirical evidence. They encompass a range of procedures, including data collection, analysis, interpretation, and presentation, enabling researchers to draw valid conclusions and predictions from data samples.

statistical method

significant association

Categorical variables represent data that can be divided into distinct categories or groups, often without any inherent order or ranking. They are crucial for statistical analysis and machine learning models, where they are typically encoded into numerical values to facilitate computation.

categorical variables

Observed frequencies refer to the actual counts or occurrences of events in a data set, as opposed to expected frequencies which are theoretical predictions based on a model or hypothesis. They are crucial in statistical tests like the chi-square test, where they are compared against expected frequencies to determine if there are significant differences or relationships present in the data.

observed frequencies

Expected frequencies are theoretical counts of occurrences for each category in a contingency table, calculated under the assumption that the null hypothesis is true. They are crucial for conducting chi-square tests to determine if there is a significant difference between observed and expected data distributions.

Expected Frequencies

The null hypothesis is a fundamental concept in statistical testing that posits no effect or relationship between variables, serving as a default or baseline assumption to be tested against. It is typically rejected or not rejected based on the strength of evidence provided by sample data, guiding researchers in making inferences about the population.

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