Adsorption is a surface phenomenon where molecules or atoms from a gas or liquid adhere to a solid or liquid surface, forming a thin film. This process is critical in various applications, including catalysis, water purification, and gas storage, due to its ability to selectively concentrate substances from mixtures.

Adsorption

surface phenomenon

molecules or atoms

gas or liquid

solid or liquid surface

thin film

Catalysis is a process that increases the rate of a chemical reaction by lowering the activation energy required, without being consumed in the reaction. Catalysts are crucial in both industrial applications and biological systems, enabling more efficient and sustainable chemical processes.

catalysis

Water purification is the process of removing undesirable chemicals, biological contaminants, suspended solids, and gases from water to make it safe for consumption and use. It is essential for ensuring public health, environmental sustainability, and access to clean drinking water, particularly in regions facing water scarcity or contamination issues.

water purification

Gas storage is a critical component in the energy supply chain, providing a buffer to balance supply and demand fluctuations and ensuring energy security. It involves the storage of natural gas in underground facilities or above-ground tanks, enabling efficient energy management and mitigating the impact of supply disruptions or seasonal demand changes.

gas storage

selectively concentrate substances

A mixture is a combination of two or more substances where each retains its individual chemical properties and can be physically separated. Mixtures can be homogeneous, with uniform composition throughout, or heterogeneous, with distinct phases and components.

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